Name

Library

Synopsis

Detailed description

The address of the target is given by to with tolen specifying its size. The length of the message is given by len. If the message is too long to pass atomically through the underlying protocol, the error EMSGSIZE is returned, and the message is not transmitted.

No indication of failure to deliver is implicit in a send. Locally detected errors are indicated by a return value of -1.

If no messages space is available at the socket to hold the message to be transmitted, then send normally blocks, unless the socket has been placed in non-blocking I/O mode. The select system call may be used to determine when it is possible to send more data.

The flags argument may include one or more of the following:

#define MSG_OOB         0x00001 /* process out-of-band data */
#define MSG_PEEK        0x00002 /* peek at incoming message */
#define MSG_DONTROUTE   0x00004 /* bypass routing, use direct interface */
#define MSG_EOR         0x00008 /* data completes record */
#define MSG_EOF         0x00100 /* data completes transaction */

         

The flag MSG_OOB is used to send "out-of-band" data on sockets that support this notion (e.g. SOCK_STREAM); the underlying protocol must also support "out-of-band" data. MSG_EOR is used to indicate a record mark for protocols which support the concept. MSG_EOF requests that the sender side of a socket be shut down, and that an appropriate indication be sent at the end of the specified data; this flag is only implemented for SOCK_STREAM sockets in the PF_INET protocol family, and is used to implement Transaction TCP MSG_DONTROUTE is usually used only by diagnostic or routing programs.

See recv for a description of the msghdr structure.

Examples

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void Recv()
{
   struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
   int sock_fd;
   char line[15] = "Hello world!";
   int size = 13;
   serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
   serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
   serv_addr.sin_port = htons(5000);
   sock_fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_TCP);
   connect(sock_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr));
   send(sock_fd, line, size, 0);
   close(sock_fd);
}

         

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void Sendto()
{
   sockaddr_in receiver_addr;
   int sock_fd;
   char line[15] = "Hello World!";
   sock_fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,IPPROTO_UDP);
   receiver_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
   receiver_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
   receiver_addr.sin_port = htons(5000);
   sendto(sock_fd, line, 13, 0,(struct sockaddr*)&receiver_addr,sizeof(receiver_addr));
   close(sock_fd);
}

         

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void sendmsg()
{
   struct sockaddr_in receiver_addr;
   int sock_fd;
   char line[15] = "Hello World!";
   struct msghdr msg;
   struct iovec iov;
   sock_fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,IPPROTO_UDP);
    
   receiver_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
   receiver_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
   receiver_addr.sin_port = htons(5000);
   msg.msg_name = &receiver_addr;
   msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(receiver_addr);
   msg.msg_iov = &iov;
   msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
   msg.msg_iov->iov_base = line;
   msg.msg_iov->iov_len = 13;
   msg.msg_control = 0;
   msg.msg_controllen = 0;
   msg.msg_flags = 0;
   sendmsg(sock_fd,&msg,0);
   close(sock_fd);
}

         

Return values

Errors

See also

The send function appeared in BSD 4.2.

Bugs

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